What are the factors that affect abrasive wear?

Abrasives are a general term for abrasives and abrasives, including abrasive products and abrasive products. Abrasives are known as industrial teeth. In grinding, abrasives or abrasive tools are often used as grinding tools to machine the parts to be machined to meet certain technical requirements.

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What is abrasive wear

Abrasive wear is the wear phenomenon in which the material of one or both of the two surfaces is transferred when a surface is in contact with the other surface during friction.

Mechanism of abrasive wear

When the abrasive moves relative to the surface of the part, the force on the abrasive can be decomposed into a component perpendicular to the surface and a component parallel to the surface.

1. The component force perpendicular to the surface causes the abrasive to be embedded in the surface, and a large number of dense indentations are generated on the surface of the plastic material. After repeated action, fatigue is generated and destroyed. For the brittle material, the surface is not deformed to cause brittle failure;

2. The component forces parallel to the surface cause the abrasive to produce a tangential motion, causing the surface to be scored, cutting to leave a groove, and for plastic materials, the abrasive cutting will cut a chip on the friction surface.

For brittle materials, the abrasive cuts a lot of debris from the surface once it is cut. Abrasive wear is very high and is the main form of damage to many mechanical equipment.

Effect of abrasive grain size on wear

The amount of wear of the metal increases as the size of the abrasive increases, and the wear rate remains constant as the size of the abrasive increases to a certain size.

Effect of abrasive geometry on wear

The sharp-edged abrasive has a higher wear rate than the smooth abrasive. After the abrasive is blunt, the wear rate decreases. If the abrasive is ground, the grinding speed increases.

Effect of abrasive hardness on wear

1. When the hardness of the abrasive is lower than the hardness of the part, the amount of wear is related to the difference in hardness between the two, the difference is increased, and the wear rate is decreased;

2. When the hardness of the abrasive is slightly higher than the hardness of the part, the wear is severe, the hardness difference between the two is reduced, and the wear is reduced.

Therefore, the surface hardness is used to make the hardness of the part meet or exceed the hardness of the abrasive, which can improve the wear resistance of the part, but the high hardness material will cause the toughness to decrease and the brittleness to increase.

The effect of pressure on wear

For abrasive wear, the wear rate is proportional to the pressure. For parts made of the same material, the pressure is reduced by half and the life is doubled.

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Measures to reduce abrasive wear

1. Reduce the entry of abrasives

If various filters are installed, dustproof seals, dust magnets, dust collectors and oil pollution level indicators are installed, and air, fuel and oil filter devices are often cleaned and replaced.

2. Enhance the wear resistance of the parts

Heat treatment and surface treatment are used to improve the properties of the part material, increase the surface hardness, and make the surface hardness exceed the hardness of the abrasive as much as possible.

3. Use materials with better wear resistance

The parts are quenched with medium carbon steel and tempered at low temperature. The method of obtaining martensitic steel can make the parts have both wear resistance and good toughness.